After hospitalization for alcohol use disorder, what is the most appropriate next step in management for a patient on naltrexone?

Recommending psychosocial treatment is the most appropriate next step in management for a patient on naltrexone after hospitalization for alcohol use disorder. This choice emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive treatment approach that includes both pharmacotherapy and psychosocial support. Naltrexone is effective in reducing cravings and preventing relapse, but its efficacy is significantly enhanced when combined with psychological interventions.

Psychosocial treatments can take various forms, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, support groups, or individual counseling. These therapies help address the behavioral and emotional aspects of addiction, support long-term recovery, and provide tools for coping with triggers and stressors that might lead to relapse.

Moving to another medication, such as acamprosate or depot naltrexone, while they may be suitable options later in the treatment plan, do not directly address the comprehensive management of the patient following hospital discharge. Moreover, recommending residential treatment may be appropriate for some individuals but is often more intensive than necessary for those who have stabilized enough to transition to outpatient care combined with psychosocial support.

Overall, emphasizing psychosocial treatment aligns with best practices in addiction management by fostering holistic recovery that integrates medication with behavioral and social support.