For a patient with a history of schizophrenia on olanzapine, which screening test is most appropriate?

In the context of a patient with a history of schizophrenia who is being treated with olanzapine, the most appropriate screening test is a serum lipid panel. Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is associated with a risk of metabolic side effects, particularly weight gain and dyslipidemia. Frequent monitoring of lipid levels can help in detecting and managing these issues early on, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease that can arise from these metabolic changes.

While a complete blood count with differential is useful for monitoring hematological effects, it is not specifically indicated in the context of olanzapine use. An electrocardiogram is typically employed to monitor cardiac function and detect arrhythmias, which is less of a direct concern with olanzapine compared to metabolic syndrome. A fundoscopic exam assesses for diabetic retinopathy and other retinal issues but is not directly related to the side effects of olanzapine. Therefore, the serum lipid panel is the most relevant and appropriate choice for ongoing monitoring in this scenario.