What is the key characteristic of the manic phase in bipolar disorder?

The key characteristic of the manic phase in bipolar disorder is the presence of an elevated mood and hyperactivity. During this phase, individuals often exhibit an unusually heightened sense of euphoria or irritability, which can lead to increased energy levels and rapid speech. This heightened state may result in impulsive behavior, decreased need for sleep, and an overall feeling of invincibility, which can affect judgment and lead to risky decisions.

This manic phase is distinct from depressive episodes, where individuals might experience lethargy, low motivation, and social withdrawal. In contrast, the manic phase is marked by an extreme surge in activity levels and an expansive or irritable mood. This phase can significantly impact social and occupational functioning, as individuals may take on more than they can handle and may struggle to maintain relationships or complete tasks effectively. Understanding this characteristic is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder.